![]() ![]() GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna Design using CST 2019 (Part 1). ![]() HFSS makes it really simple and fast to simulate antenna performance using lumped element components. Abstract: The Qucs/QucsStudio and Qucs-S simulators share a common graphical user interface. This would be an advanced topic and would require a more sophisticated solver like HFSS, FEKO, or CST in order to simulate and predict performance. The lumped element values can be used rounded to the nearest realizable value or converted to your waveguide of choice like microstrip for trace antennas and implemented without the need for components. What about matching at higher frequencies? If you’re wondering, select-on-test just means exactly what it implies: manufacture a bunch of tuned variations, and select the one that performs the best. In this project, I have designed and simulated microstrip patch antenna. If your device is difficult to tune after assembly such as embedded antennas in some dielectric materials, it’s probably best to create a tuning table and select-on-test as an optimization strategy. Download: qucsstudio Tutorial part 2 (Harmonic Balance simulations) as pdf-File. Analog beamforming follows the typical procedure with phased array layout and a phase shifting transceiver, while digital beamforming eliminates some of the complexities in layout and routing in the PCB. In this post, the open-source tool Qucs and the commercial electromagnetic solver HFSS is used to chose the lumped element components to match an antenna. Ultimately, the best PCB antenna design is one where there is no nearby copper fill, and there are no traces running near or on layers below the antenna. The beamforming method used in a MIMO-capable system can be digital, analog, or hybrid. There’s a couple ways to optimize the performance of a low frequency antenna (ie: less than 6GHz). If possible, simply place the matching network as close as possible to the antenna. As an important note, the waveguide length between the matching network and the antenna interface is important so be sure to take that into account. The touchstone file contains both the magnitude and phase information of the antenna return loss. This measurement is generally saved as a touchstone file for simulation, which will be used in our model. Since it’s typically a 1 port device, the measurement would be simply the return loss or VSWR. A VNA is used to measure the scattering parameters of the antenna. design and also the effects of using dielectric substrates with distinct characteristics. Whether you have measured or simulated an antenna, that data can be used to create the matching network. How is the feed matching network constructed? In this case, the matching strategy changes depending on the type of waveguide selected. It’s also a good rule of thumb to use 0402 components or smaller whenever possible.įor higher frequency antennas, waveguide is highly recommended to be used to match the antenna. It is best not use them over 6 GHz otherwise other factors become more significant. Lumped element components are idea for lower frequency antennas. ![]()
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